> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://upsolver.gitbook.io/content/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://upsolver.gitbook.io/content/reference-1/functions-and-operators/operators/mathematical.md). # Mathematical ## Mathematical operators
OperatorDescription
+Addition
-Subtraction or negation
*Multiplication
/Division (integer division performs truncation)
_/Integer division
%Modulus (remainder)
^Power
## Addition Sums two numbers. ### Examples #### SQL ```sql CREATE JOB function_operator_example ADD_MISSING_COLUMNS = true AS INSERT INTO default_glue_catalog.upsolver_samples.orders_transformed_data MAP_COLUMNS_BY_NAME SELECT 1 + 1 AS add_example1, 1 + 2 + 3 AS add_example2, 1.1 + 2.2 AS add_example3 FROM default_glue_catalog.upsolver_samples.orders_raw_data WHERE $commit_time BETWEEN run_start_time() AND run_end_time() LIMIT 1; ``` #### Query result | add\_example1 | add\_example2 | add\_example3 | | ------------- | ------------- | ------------------ | | 2 | 6 | 3.3000000000000003 | ## Subtraction Subtracts one number from another. ### Examples #### SQL ```sql CREATE JOB function_operator_example ADD_MISSING_COLUMNS = true AS INSERT INTO default_glue_catalog.upsolver_samples.orders_transformed_data MAP_COLUMNS_BY_NAME SELECT 1 - 1 AS sub_example1, 1 - 2 - 3 AS sub_example2, 2.2 - 1.1 AS sub_example3 FROM default_glue_catalog.upsolver_samples.orders_raw_data WHERE $commit_time BETWEEN run_start_time() AND run_end_time() LIMIT 1; ``` #### Query result | sub\_example1 | sub\_example2 | sub\_example3 | | ------------- | ------------- | ------------- | | 0 | -4 | 1.1 | ## Negation Negates the value of a number. ### Examples #### SQL ```sql CREATE JOB function_operator_example ADD_MISSING_COLUMNS = true AS INSERT INTO default_glue_catalog.upsolver_samples.orders_transformed_data MAP_COLUMNS_BY_NAME SELECT - 1 AS neg_example1, - (- 1) AS neg_example2, - 0 AS neg_example3 FROM default_glue_catalog.upsolver_samples.orders_raw_data WHERE $commit_time BETWEEN run_start_time() AND run_end_time() LIMIT 1; ``` #### Query result | neg\_example1 | neg\_example2 | neg\_example3 | | ------------- | ------------- | ------------- | | -1 | 1 | 0 | ## Multiplication Multiplies two numbers. ### Examples #### SQL ```sql CREATE JOB function_operator_example ADD_MISSING_COLUMNS = true AS INSERT INTO default_glue_catalog.upsolver_samples.orders_transformed_data MAP_COLUMNS_BY_NAME SELECT 1 * 0 AS mult_example1, 1 * 2 * 3 AS mult_example2, 1.1 * 2.2 AS mult_example3 FROM default_glue_catalog.upsolver_samples.orders_raw_data WHERE $commit_time BETWEEN run_start_time() AND run_end_time() LIMIT 1; ``` #### Query result | mult\_example1 | mult\_example2 | mult\_example3 | | -------------- | -------------- | ------------------ | | 0 | 6 | 2.4200000000000004 | ## Division Divides one number with another. Note that when dividing integers, the result is truncated, meaning that only the integer portion of the result is returned if the numbers do not divide evenly. ### Examples #### SQL ```sql CREATE JOB function_operator_example ADD_MISSING_COLUMNS = true AS INSERT INTO default_glue_catalog.upsolver_samples.orders_transformed_data MAP_COLUMNS_BY_NAME SELECT 4 / 2 AS div_example1, 4 / 2 / 2 AS div_example2, 3 / 4 AS div_example3, 2.2 / 3.3 AS div_example4 FROM default_glue_catalog.upsolver_samples.orders_raw_data WHERE $commit_time BETWEEN run_start_time() AND run_end_time() LIMIT 1; ``` #### Query result
div_example1div_example2div_example3div_example4
2100.6666666666666667
## Integer division Divides one integer from another. Inputs that are not integers are truncated and then divided. ### Examples #### SQL ```sql CREATE JOB function_operator_example ADD_MISSING_COLUMNS = true AS INSERT INTO default_glue_catalog.upsolver_samples.orders_transformed_data MAP_COLUMNS_BY_NAME SELECT 4 _/ 3 as div_example1, 4.1 _/ 3.1 as div_example2, 4.1 / 3.1 as div_example3, 4.8 _/ 3.8 as div_example4, 4.8 / 3.8 as div_example5, FROM default_glue_catalog.upsolver_samples.orders_raw_data WHERE $commit_time BETWEEN run_start_time() AND run_end_time() LIMIT 1; ``` #### Query result | div\_example1 | div\_example2 | div\_example3 | div\_example4 | div\_example5 | | ------------- | ------------- | ------------------- | ------------- | ----------------- | | 1 | 1 | 1.3225,806451612903 | 1 | 1.263157894736842 | ## Modulus Computes the modulus (remainder) from dividing one number with another. ### Examples #### SQL ```sql CREATE JOB function_operator_example ADD_MISSING_COLUMNS = true AS INSERT INTO default_glue_catalog.upsolver_samples.orders_transformed_data MAP_COLUMNS_BY_NAME SELECT 4 % 3 AS mod_example1, 10 % 4 % 2 AS mod_example2, 5.5 % 2.2 AS mod_example3 FROM default_glue_catalog.upsolver_samples.orders_raw_data WHERE $commit_time BETWEEN run_start_time() AND run_end_time() LIMIT 1; ``` #### Query result | mod\_example1 | mod\_example2 | mod\_example3 | | ------------- | ------------- | ------------------ | | 1 | 0 | 1.0999999999999996 | ## Power Raises one number to the power of another. This operator has the same functionality as [`POW`](/content/reference-1/functions-and-operators/functions/mathematical/pow.md) and [`POWER`](/content/reference-1/functions-and-operators/functions/mathematical/power.md). #### SQL ```sql CREATE JOB function_operator_example ADD_MISSING_COLUMNS = true AS INSERT INTO default_glue_catalog.upsolver_samples.orders_transformed_data MAP_COLUMNS_BY_NAME SELECT 2 ^ 2 AS pow_example1, 3.3 ^ 1.1 AS pow_example2 FROM default_glue_catalog.upsolver_samples.orders_raw_data WHERE $commit_time BETWEEN run_start_time() AND run_end_time() LIMIT 1; ``` #### Query result | pow\_example1 | pow\_example2 | | ------------- | ----------------- | | 4 | 3.718479005997499 | ## Example with sample data The following example uses Upsolver sample data that is available to you through Upsolver. #### SQL ```sql CREATE JOB function_operator_example ADD_MISSING_COLUMNS = true AS INSERT INTO default_glue_catalog.upsolver_samples.orders_transformed_data MAP_COLUMNS_BY_NAME SELECT orderid AS order_id, ROUND(nettotal / (1 + taxrate), 2) AS pretax_total, taxrate, nettotal FROM default_glue_catalog.upsolver_samples.orders_raw_data WHERE $commit_time BETWEEN run_start_time() AND run_end_time() LIMIT 3; ``` #### Query result | order\_id | pretax\_total | taxrate | nettotal | | ---------- | ------------- | ------- | -------- | | NzwdlehpJ9 | 349.98 | 0.12 | 391.98 | | 6nDo5vqL3B | 741.95 | 0.12 | 830.98 | | mqEu3Y96pE | 1157.74 | 0.12 | 1296.67 | --- # Agent Instructions This documentation is published with GitBook. GitBook is the documentation platform designed so that both humans and AI agents can read, navigate, and reason over technical content effectively. Learn more at gitbook.com. ## Querying This Documentation If you need additional information that is not directly available in this page, you can query the documentation dynamically by asking a question. Perform an HTTP GET request on the current page URL with the `ask` query parameter, and the optional `goal` query parameter: ``` GET https://upsolver.gitbook.io/content/reference-1/functions-and-operators/operators/mathematical.md?ask=&goal= ``` `ask` is the immediate question: it should be specific, self-contained, and written in natural language. `goal` is optional and describes the broader end goal you are ultimately trying to accomplish on behalf of the user. GitBook uses it to tailor the answer towards what is most useful for that goal. The response will contain a direct answer to the question and relevant excerpts and sources from the documentation. Use this mechanism when the answer is not explicitly present in the current page, you need clarification or additional context, or you want to retrieve related documentation sections.